In this guide, we explain the different types of structural steel frame, and outline the benefits of using steel over other construction materials.
WHAT IS A STRUCTURAL STEEL FRAME?
These steel structures are made up of a skeleton frame consisting of vertical columns and horizontal beams, constructed from steel materials that have been riveted, welded or bolted together.
WHAT ARE STEEL STRUCTURAL FRAMES TYPICALLY USED FOR?
The typical use for steel structures is medium and high-rise industrial, warehouse, and residential buildings.
WHY USE A STRUCTURAL STEEL FRAME?
Steel structures have numerous advantages, including their resilience to earthquakes, high winds, and other adverse weather conditions. Additionally, they offer high ratios of strength to weight and strength to volume, while providing the durability required to be able to be exposed.
They are quick and easy to construct and take down, and offer additional fire resistance when appropriately treated.
A flexible and versatile option, they can be constructed off-site for cost-effectiveness and convenience, then used alongside other types of construction. They are easy to join and offer high precision and a sleek finish.
BENEFITS OF STRUCTURAL STEEL FRAMES
The advantage of using steel frames over other construction materials is that steel has a higher density than timber or concrete. This means that for the same dimensions, steel will be heavier, and that less steel will be required to provide the same level of support.
In turn, this decrease in material use means lower shipping costs, reduced labour, and simplified designs for foundation and structural supports.
Another benefit of steel framing is that it lasts much longer than timber or concrete. Unlike timber, steel doesn’t split or crack with age, and it’s not vulnerable to mould, insects, or water damage. However, to avoid the risk of corrosion, contact with water must be prevented. A fire and water-resistant coating should be applied for increased protection.
Steel is also incredibly versatile, and can be fabricated into different shapes while still maintaining its strength. This allows for creative and innovative designs that are both attractive and structurally sound.
THE DIFFERENT STEEL STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS EXPLAINED
The main steel building elements, such as walls, floors, roofs and bracing members can be arranged to have a particular system that aids the structural stability of the building. The configuration will depend on the type or use of the building, as well as the nature and intensity of the applied loads.
Below, the three main steel structural systems are outlined:
WALL BEARING FRAMING
Wall bearing framing requires the erection of masonry walls on the perimeter and interior of the building. Structural steel members are then anchored on the masonry walls using bearing and end steel plates and anchor bolts. Certain factors will impact the design and construction of the wall bearing framing, for example the load intensity.
SKELETON FRAMING
Skeleton framing is composed of connected steel beams and columns. Walls are made as a curtain wall with no load-bearing capabilities.
Typically, skeleton framing comprises of spandrel beams, main or primary beams, intermediate or secondary beams, wall columns and interior columns, and reinforced concrete slab.
LONG-SPAN FRAMING
A long span is one that exceeds 12m. It can provide flexible floor space and column-free internal spaces, while reducing the on-site construction period. It also allows for spaces to be suitable for mixed use. Typically, long-span framing is ideal for large industrial buildings, auditoriums, theatres, and exhibition spaces.
SPEAK TO THE STRUCTURAL STEEL EXPERTS
To find out more about using our structural steel services for your construction project in the South West of England, please get in touch with us today on 01202 622252.
